In previous articles, we have explained what a cooling tower is, and now we will introduce the components of a cooling tower and the structure and performance of this device. But when the production of this device began and it’s needled to its invention, it must be said that the beginning of this innovation in the path of the Industrial Revolution, took place in the 19th century. Cooling towers have been around since the condensers were added to the steam engines and were tasked with cooling the engine. Gradually, from the twentieth century onwards, with the domination of electricity, the electric motors of the power plants of factories were moved out of the cities, and only the cooling towers calmed their commotion.
Condensers
Condensers are known as condensers in Persian. Condensers are a fluid coolant that converts steam into a liquid and are mostly used in power plants and cooling tower components in the form of giant vanes (similar to a fan). Condensers are sometimes used in the power generation process. Refineries and office buildings use this device to cool their large industrial spaces.
Ability to use in large and small dimensions
The question may arise that on this account, with what we have said about the greatness of the components of the cooling tower, this device can be used only in large dimensions of factories and refineries. But it is interesting to know that the cooling tower can have smaller dimensions depending on the use and order.
What is a cooling tower?
Cooling towers are heat exchangers. This means that with the help of the cooling tower components, each desired location can cool the ambient temperature of its devices by turning the boiling water of the devices and lowering the temperature. In the process of these towers, the boiling water from the activity of the devices is transferred to the cooling towers and the towers put this volume of water in contact with the air and lower its temperature and return the cooled water to The workflow of the devices is restored.
Cooling tower components
Cooling towers, like any other device, are made up of different components, and each of these components has its own function. These components include the cap element, nozzles, fan motor, fillers, mesh, floating and flow valves, air and body valves, and the cooling tower building.
Element cap
Among the components of the cooling tower, the cap element is located at the top of the tower. The function of the cap element is to prevent steam and water droplets inside the tower from escaping due to the high rotation of the water and, in fact, being wasted. On the other hand, excessive pressure removes air from the tower so as not to cause the tower’s body to explode while working.
Dispenser
This device, which has a conical shape like the main body of industrial cooling towers and is used inside the tower, is made of high-quality fireproof plastic and has the function of distributing heated water evenly inside the tower. As it descends, both the cooling rate of the water increases and the large volume of water is well transferred to all the cooling points of the tower.
Fan motor
Another component of the cooling tower is the fan motor. This device plays a very important role in the safety of the device. The fan motor prevents possible explosions due to the action and reactions inside the cooling tower.
Filler
Perhaps one of the components of the cooling tower that is inspired by nature is these fillers. They are made like nets inside a hive. Boiling water flows through the filler cells and cools as a result of contact with the air inside the tower. Two types of fillers are used in cooling towers; Membrane filler and sprinkler filler.
Mesh
This component is also responsible for protection. Of course, the mesh protection of the cooling tower, like a doorman, prevents uninvited guests from entering. This means that the mesh prevents rats or anything other than water from entering the tower.
Air valve
The air valve is located right at the entrance to the cooling tower pond. This component of the cooling tower prevents destructive chemical interactions in the tower and prolongs the life of the cooling tower. Transparency and lack of sulphate in cooling towers is the task of this component.
Body and building
The most visible part is the body and building of the tower, which is made of FRP plastics. Everything that happens inside the tower is covered by the same body and building. This part, like a solid shell, takes care of the cooling tower activities.
Structure
As mentioned, the components of a cooling tower can vary depending on its performance. Cooling towers can be constructed from 200 to 100 meters in diameter in the shape of a cone and 40 to 80 diameters in the shape of a rectangle.
Source: elprocus.com Magazine
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