Silicone oil Composition, characteristics and applications

Silicones comprise a set of synthetic polymers made up of an inorganic frame consisting of a series of bonds between Silicon and Oxygen atoms (-Si-0- Si) and variously branched side functional groups of an organic nature, typical of carbon-carbon (C-C) bonds.

The remarkable versatility of this polymer in industrial contexts has stimulated the developer to compose numerous variants which, for simplicity's sake, are grouped into three main categories:

• Lubricating oils
• Resins
• Elastomers

The best-known silicone oils can be divided into six main categories:

• Dimethylsilicones

   

  > The most widely-used silicone oils in industrial lubrication due to their effective price-performance ratio. They possess a high viscosity index and low surface tension. Ideal for protection and

   

  friction reduction

   

  of polymeric materials such as rubbers and plastics.
  
  
• Flurosilicones

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   Good lubricating power and chemical resistance to the action of solvents, extending the life of rolling bearings. They are suitable for

   

  high-temperature

   

  applications and have excellent mechanical load-bearing capacity.
  
  
• Methylphenylsilicones

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   Characterised by excellent resistance to low and high temperatures, being able to withstand radiation very well and possess high

   

  oxidation

   

  stability.
  
  
• Methyl-alkyl-silicones

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   Able to develop an effective lubricating film under conditions of

   

  dynamic friction. Compatible with organic materials. Can be used in coating and industrial painting applications.
  
  
• Chlorophenyl methyl silicones

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   Ideal for extending lubrication intervals at extreme temperatures. The presence of chlorine due to high reactivity with metals ensures effective lubrication under conditions of boundary friction in metal-to-metal couplings. They have a very low freezing point.
  
  
• Organosilicones

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   Grouped for simplicity into a single category comprising all frames (Si-O-Si), variously combined with organic polymers, the branching of which is chosen to enhance specific properties.

Silicone fluids are classified not only by their chemical composition but also on the basis of their average molecular weight or the dynamic viscosity value measured at a reference temperature of 25° C.

Silicone oils are available on the market with standard viscosity values and tolerances usually between +/-10%.